Harrow



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. A. O. EVANS.

HARROW.

Patented July 5, 1887.

WITNESSES IJVVE TOEv AttorneyS.

N. PETERS, Phula-Lnhagnpher. wuhingmn. 0.8.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets--Sheet 2.

A. O. EVANS.

HARROW.

N0. 366,160. Patented July 5, 1 87.

WITNESSES Ii 1 I I I IJV VENTOR W M UNITED STATES PATENT @rrren.

AUSTIN C. EVANS, 0F SPRING-FIELD, OHIO.

HARROWa SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 366,160, dated July 5, 1887.

Application filed December 23, 1886. Serial No. 222,391. (No model.)

To (1 whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, AUSTIN C. EVANS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Clark and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improve ments in Harrows, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in harrows; and the invention consists in connecting a plurality of harrowsections flexibly to a yokebeam and in connecting a draft-beam to which the draftanimals are hitched to the said yoke-beam at points substantially opposite the center of the respective h211lOW-SClil011S, the object being to keep the sections as nearly abreast as possible by equally distributiugthe draft to them.

The invention also consists in constructing the harrow-frame of metal strips and the toothbeams of metal pipes secured to the strips by interposed sections or bcaringblocks, and capable of being partially rotated, so as to present the teeth carried by them at different angles'to the ground.

The invention further consists in attaching the barrow-teeth to the tubular tooth-beams by passing the shanks of the teeth through the said beams and fitting upon said shanks metallic clips and a binding-nut, whereby the clamps are held firmly against the tubes and the teeth secured.

The invention still further consists in the metallic blocks having lugs which embrace the sides of the middle beam of the harrowframe, and which are recessed at one end to receive a binding-bolt, and are cut away at the other end to form a bearing in which the tubular tooth-beam may turn.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and on which similar letters of reference indicate the same or corresponding features, Figure 1 represents a plan View of one section of my improved harrow, showing a portion of the yoke bar and the draft-bar attached thereto; Fig. 2, a like view of the yoke and draft bars complete; Fig. 3, an enlarged side elevation of a portion of the middle beam of the harrow-frame, showing two toothed beams in cross-section; Fig. 4, a side elevation of the harrow complete;

Fig. 5, a side elevation of a fragment of one crosssectional view of the middle beam, showing the clamping-blocks in end elevation; Fig. 8, a side elevation of a portion of a toothbeam, showing a tooth and the clamps fitted thereto; Fig. 9, a sectional view of Fig. 8, and Fig. 10 a detached enlarged view of one of the actuating-bars for the tooth-beams.

The letter A refers to one section of my im proved harrow, of which in practice there are two, and these sections are flexibly connected with a yoke-bar, B, by the bolts and links 0, the latter engaging clevises, to be hereinafter described.

The connections with the yoke-bar are near the ends and middle of said bar,and to it, at points about in line with thelongitudinal cen ter of the respective sections, is flexibly connected a draft-bar, D, as by means of eyebolts and links or rings E. This draft-bar carries a ring or other suitable connection for engaging the whiflietree or singletree, according to whether one or two draftanimals are used.

It will be observed that the strain brought upon the draft-bar D is exerted upon the yokebar B at points substantially in line with the longitudinal center of the respective harrow sections, the result of which is to keep said sections virtually abreast without causing one to lag behind the other.

Each harrow-section is composed of duplex metallic side bars, F, with a space between them, in which is placed afilling composed of a series of wooden or other sections, G, secured by bolts and nuts H, and formed with semicircular recesses at their respective ends for the purpose of forming a bearing for the respective tooth-beams. By preference the duplex bars F are re spectively com posed of a single strip or a bar of iron bent about the middle to form, in conjunction with thelast wooden section G,a bearing for thelast tooth-beam,and bolted together by bolts and nuts I at their forward ends, between which ends are fitted the shanks J of cleviscs K. These shanks are shouldered at L and provided with lugs M, which embrace the sides of the bars F, which, in connection with the nuts and bolts I, form a strong connection.

The clevises are each provided with a drop link or ring, N, which prevents the disengagement of the links 0 of the yoke-bar. Oblique braces 0, preferably metallic bars, are secured to the side and middle beams, as suggested in Fig. 1, to give rigidity to the frame.

The letter F refers to a series of metallic tubular tooth-beams composed of sections of tubes or pipes mounted in the side and middle beams, as hereinafter described, and disposed substantially as shown in Fig. 1. These tubular tooth-beams are bored at intervals to receive the shanks of the harrow-teeth Q, and these teeth are shouldered at R and provided with clamps S, which fit upon the upper and lower sides of the tooth-beams P, a nut, T, being employed to bind the parts together. This forms a strong connection, and yet if a tooth becomes broken the fragment is easily removed and a new tooth substituted. These parts are best seen in Figs. 8 and 9. The disposition of the teeth is such that no two of them'stand in exact line with each other, whereby the surface covered by each section is thoroughly harrowed and the soil pulverized.

Referring, now,to the middle beannit is composed of a duplex metallic bar, U, as seen in Fig. 3, bent about the middle, as described in reference'to the side beams, and for the same purpose, the ends being'welded together, if desired. The space between the bars is occupied at intervals by bearing-blocks V, preferably of cast-iron, and having one end of i the shankW thereof recessed to receive and form a bearing for the tubular tooth-beams. The head of the blocks have lugs X, which embrace the edges of the bars U and are vertically recessed at Y, as seen in Fig. 6, to receive the bolts Z, by which they are held in place. These same bolts, if desired, serve to hold one end of the respective oblique braces 0. It is obvious that these bearing-blocks mightbe used in substitution of the sections of wood G, and it is also obvious that the said sections might be used in substitution of the said blocks. The preferred arrangement, however, is that shown and described.

The letter a refers to the actuating-bars, which are composed, preferably, of castings having their lower ends formed into jaws b, which embrace the tooth-beams P and receive shanks of the teeth Q, which occur at these points. These bars may be secured to the tooth-beams by bolts, as seen in Fig. 10. To each of said bars is pivot-ally connected a pitman, 0, to which is connected at hand adjusting-lever, e, pivoted at f upon one of the side beams or the .shank g of a locking-segment. This lever, as seen in Fig. 1, is provided with the usual spring-detent, i, so as to secure it in any adjusted position. By this means the teeth can be adjusted so as to slant to allow the teeth to clear themselves of any accumulation, to form a slanting-tooth smoothingharrow, or to form a vertical-tooth pulverizing-harrow.

It should be noted that the rear ends of the clevises K are closed-as by a block, Kso as to form bearings for the front side of the adjacent tooth-beam.

It should further be noted that my improve harrow is strong. and durable, and that the parts are simple and as far as can be of regular forms or shapes, and each part when broken may be substituted by a new part.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- I 1. In a harrow, the combination, with a tubular tooth-beam, of actuating-bars having jaws which embrace said beams, and teeth extended through said jaws and beams.

2. In a harrow, the combination, with the duplex side and intermediate beams composed of metallic bars, with a space between them, and bearing-blocks composed of two pieces and held in said spaces by bolts, of tubular metallic tooth-beams fitted to said bearings and having holes through them, and a washer fitted to the tooth-beams above and below, teeth having shanks fitted to said holes and extending through the washers and having a nut thereon, an arm carried by each toothbeam, a pitman, an adjustinglever, and a locking-segment. r

3. In a harrow, the combination, with the side beams composed of metallic bars, with spaces between them, of clevises having shanks fitted between said bars, and having lugs which embrace the edges thereof, and secured by bolts.

4. A harrow composed of the following parts: two sections, each consisting of outer and intermediate duplex beams,two-part bearing-blocks fitted between the members of each beam and held by bolts, tubular tooth-beams fitted to said blocks and having holes through them, a washer'fitted to the beams above and below, teeth having shanks which fit said, holes,and washers and nuts thereon, arms carried by thetooth-beams, a pitman, an adjusting-lever, a locking-segment, clevises secured to the inner and outer beams of each section, a yoke-bar connected to the clevises, and a draft-bar to the yoke-bar at points substantially in line with the longitudinal center of the respective sections, and having a whiffle or single tree connection about midway its length, all substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

AUSTIN G. EVANS.

Witnesses:

. J. K. MOWER,

JOSEPH KIZER.

IIC 

